closed over

sŭper-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4, v. n. and a., to come over or upon, to come to or in addition to, to overtake, to come up, arrive, come upon, fall upon (not ante-Aug.).

Lit.

In gen.

Act.:

et heres Heredem alterius, velut unda supervenit undam,

follows after, presses upon, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 176:

crura loquentis Terra supervenit,

closed over, covered, Ov. M. 10, 490:

vineae superveniunt jugum,

Col. 4, 22. 1:

planitiem supervenit umor,

id. 2, 17 fin.:

si festinaret sequi, palantes superventurum,

Curt. 5, 13, 11:

hostes,

Grat. Cyn. 185.—

Neutr.:

addit se sociam timidisque supervenit Aegle,

Verg. E. 6, 20:

semianimi lapsoque supervenit,

id. A. 12, 356:

parantibus jam oppugnare supervenit a Creüsā praetor,

Liv. 42, 56, 5:

munientibus supervenit Marcellus,

id. 24, 35, 9; 28, 7, 7; 34, 29, 4; cf. id. 2, 3, 3:

huic laetitiae Quintius supervenit,

id. 34, 40, 7:

ulcus ulceri supervenit,

Cels. 5, 28, 5:

quae (febris) vel levi vulneri supervenit,

id. 5, 26, 26:

quotiens imbres superveniunt,

Front. Aquaed. 15:

dum nox occasionem daret, securis et laetis superveniendum,

Just. 2, 11, 12:

inopinantibus,

id. 8, 3, 15:

quibusdam (insectorum) pinnarum tutelae crusta supervenit,

Plin. 11, 28, 34, § 97. — Without dat.:

Laelius Fulviusque ab Romā supervenerunt,

Liv. 30, 25, 9; 2, 6, 10; 27, 28, 17:

nuntii ab Urbe,

Suet. Galb. 11:

nulla auxilia,

Tac. H. 4, 25:

superveniunt deinde legati,

Curt. 3, 1, 9; 4, 15, 18:

tandem signa legionum,

Liv. 34, 28, 4:

tertia aquila,

Suet. Vesp. 5:

imbres superveniunt,

Front. Aquaed. 15:

grata superveniet quae non sperabitur hora,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 14.—

In partic., of animals, to leap, cover, Col. 6, 24, 3; 7, 6, 3; Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 174.—

Trop., to come upon, be added to; to go beyond, surpass, exceed, excel:

ne tempus opimandi quintam et vigesimam lunam superveniat,

go beyond, exceed, Col. 8, 7, 5:

vis teneros supervenit annos,

attacks suddenly, Stat. Achill. 1, 147:

aliud majus alio supervenit,

is added to, follows, Quint. 9, 4, 23:

tunc donis Argia nitet, vilesque sororis Ornatus sacro praeculta supervenit auro,

surpasses, exceeds, Stat. Th. 2, 298.

ob-dūco, xi, ctum ( inf. perf. sync. obduxe, Arg. ad Plaut. Merc. 7), 3, v. a., to lead or draw before, lead or conduct against or towards, to draw or bring forward or around, draw over (class. and very freq.; syn.: obtendo, obtego).

Lit.:

ad oppidum exercitum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 13: vim Gallicam obduc contra in acie, Att. ap. Non. 224, 13:

Curium,

Cic. Att. 1, 1, 2: ab utroque latere collis transversam fossam obduxit, drew forward, drew, made, or extended a trench, Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

vela,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21: vestem, to draw on or over, Tac. A. 4, 70; Curt. 6, 5, 27:

seram,

to draw, close, fasten, Prop. 5, 5, 48:

callum,

to draw over, Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 3.—

Transf.

To cover by drawing over; to cover over, overspread, surround, envelop:

trunci obducuntur libro, aut cortice,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

operimento,

id. Leg. 2, 22, 56; Verg. E. 1, 49:

vultus, of the sun,

Ov. M. 2, 330:

caput,

Luc. 9, 109:

semina cortice,

Plin. 19, 7, 36, § 119:

obducta cicatrix,

a closed, healed scar, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 4; Curt. 8, 10, 31:

obductā nocte,

overcast, cloudy, dark, Nep. Hann. 5, 2; Curt. 8, 13, 25.—

To close, shut up ( poet.):

obducta penetralia Phoebi,

Luc. 5, 67:

fores,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 1548. mors oculos coepit obducere, Petr. S. 19.—

To draw in, drink down, swallow:

venenum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

potionem,

Sen. Prov. 3, 12: pultarium mulsi, to drink up, Petr. 42.—

To swallow up, overwhelm:

uti eos, eum exercitum, eos hostes, eosque homines, urbes agrosque eorum... obducatis (an imprecation to the gods below),

Macr. S. 3, 9, 10.—

To contract, wrinkle, knit the brow:

obductā solvatur fronte senectus,

Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

frontem,

Juv. 9, 2:

vultum,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 1, 5.—

To injure, harm (late Lat.):

stomachum,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 2, 28.—

To bring home in opposition or rivalry to another:

eum putat uxor sibi Obduxe scortum,

Plaut. Merc. Arg. 1, 7.—

Trop.

To draw or spread over: obsidionem, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 198 Müll. (Trag. v. 11 Vahl.):

clarissimis rebus tenebras obducere,

i. e. to darken, obscure, Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 16:

paulatim tenebris sese obducentibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 143.—

Transf.

To cover, conceal:

obductus verbis dolor,

Verg. A. 10, 64:

obductos rescindere luctus,

Ov. M. 12, 543:

rei publicae obducere cicatricem,

Cic. Leg. Agr. 3, 2, 4.—

Qs., to draw out, i. e. to pass, spend time:

itaque obduxi posterum diem,

Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1.

arcānus, a, um, adj. [v. arceo], orig., shut up, closed; hence, trop.,

That keeps a secret, trusty:

dixisti arcano satis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 155:

petiit, ut aliquem ex arcanis mitteret,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 178.— Hence, poet., of the night: omina arcanā nocte petita, in silent night, or night that keeps secrets, Ov. H. 9, 40; Stat. S. 1, 3, 71.—

Hidden, concealed, secret, private (class., although very rare in Cic.):

at quīcum joca, seria, ut dicitur, quīcum arcana, quīcum occulta omnia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 85:

consilia,

Liv. 35, 18; so Hor. C. 3, 21, 15:

secretae et arcanae opes,

Plin. Pan. 34, 3:

fontis arcani aqua,

Tac. A. 2, 54:

libidines,

Suet. Tib. 43 al.:

littera celatos arcana fatebitur ignes,

Ov. M. 9, 516:

sensus,

Verg. A. 4, 422 al. —

Esp., in the lang. of religion, of things sacred and incommunicable: ARCANA VRBIS PRAESIDIA,

Inscr. Orell. 2494: audivit arcana verba, quae non licet homini loqui, Vulg. 2 Cor. 12, 4;

and of secret, mysterious usages: sacra,

Ov. M. 10, 436:

arcana cum fiunt sacra,

Hor. Epod. 5, 52; so Stat. S. 3, 4, 92; Sil. 2, 427; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 402; and by poet. license transf. to the deity presiding over such mysteries:

qui Cereris sacrum Volgavit arcanae,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 27.—Hence, subst.: arcānum, i, n., a secret.

In gen.:

nox arcanis fidissima,

Ov. M. 7, 192:

arcani Fides prodiga,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 16:

si quid umquam arcani sanctive ad silendum in curiā fuerit,

Liv. 23, 22, 9:

arcana regum,

Curt. 4, 6, 5:

revelare arcana,

Vulg. Prov. 11, 13:

denudare arcana amici,

ib. Eccli. 27, 17.—

Spec., a sacred secret, a mystery:

fatorum arcana,

Ov. M. 2, 639; so Verg. A. 7, 123:

Pythagorae arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; cf.:

Jovis arcana,

the secret decrees of, id. C. 1, 28, 9:

deorum arcanum proferre,

Plin. Pan. 23, 5: arcana quaedam, secret rites (of the diviners), Vulg. Exod. 7, 11:

violabunt arcanum meum,

my secret place, sanctuary, Vulg. Ezech. 7, 22 et saep.— Adv.: arcā-nō (cf. Charis. pp. 173 and 179 P.), in secret, privately:

arcano tibi ego hoc dico,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 117:

hunc (librum) lege arcano convivis tuis,

Cic. Att. 16, 3 (cf. Charis. l. c.):

arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—

* Comp.:

arcanius judicare aliquid de aliquā re,

Col. 3, 2 fin.—Sup. not used.

Arcānus, a, um, adj. [Arcae], of or pertaining to Arcœ hence, subst.

Arcāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Arcœ, Inscr. Orell. 4007.—

Arcānum, i, n., a villa of Q. Cicero, in the neighborhood of Arcœ, Cic. Att. 5, 1; id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1 al.

arcānus, a, um, adj. [v. arceo], orig., shut up, closed; hence, trop.,

That keeps a secret, trusty:

dixisti arcano satis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 155:

petiit, ut aliquem ex arcanis mitteret,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 178.— Hence, poet., of the night: omina arcanā nocte petita, in silent night, or night that keeps secrets, Ov. H. 9, 40; Stat. S. 1, 3, 71.—

Hidden, concealed, secret, private (class., although very rare in Cic.):

at quīcum joca, seria, ut dicitur, quīcum arcana, quīcum occulta omnia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 85:

consilia,

Liv. 35, 18; so Hor. C. 3, 21, 15:

secretae et arcanae opes,

Plin. Pan. 34, 3:

fontis arcani aqua,

Tac. A. 2, 54:

libidines,

Suet. Tib. 43 al.:

littera celatos arcana fatebitur ignes,

Ov. M. 9, 516:

sensus,

Verg. A. 4, 422 al. —

Esp., in the lang. of religion, of things sacred and incommunicable: ARCANA VRBIS PRAESIDIA,

Inscr. Orell. 2494: audivit arcana verba, quae non licet homini loqui, Vulg. 2 Cor. 12, 4;

and of secret, mysterious usages: sacra,

Ov. M. 10, 436:

arcana cum fiunt sacra,

Hor. Epod. 5, 52; so Stat. S. 3, 4, 92; Sil. 2, 427; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 402; and by poet. license transf. to the deity presiding over such mysteries:

qui Cereris sacrum Volgavit arcanae,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 27.—Hence, subst.: arcānum, i, n., a secret.

In gen.:

nox arcanis fidissima,

Ov. M. 7, 192:

arcani Fides prodiga,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 16:

si quid umquam arcani sanctive ad silendum in curiā fuerit,

Liv. 23, 22, 9:

arcana regum,

Curt. 4, 6, 5:

revelare arcana,

Vulg. Prov. 11, 13:

denudare arcana amici,

ib. Eccli. 27, 17.—

Spec., a sacred secret, a mystery:

fatorum arcana,

Ov. M. 2, 639; so Verg. A. 7, 123:

Pythagorae arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; cf.:

Jovis arcana,

the secret decrees of, id. C. 1, 28, 9:

deorum arcanum proferre,

Plin. Pan. 23, 5: arcana quaedam, secret rites (of the diviners), Vulg. Exod. 7, 11:

violabunt arcanum meum,

my secret place, sanctuary, Vulg. Ezech. 7, 22 et saep.— Adv.: arcā-nō (cf. Charis. pp. 173 and 179 P.), in secret, privately:

arcano tibi ego hoc dico,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 117:

hunc (librum) lege arcano convivis tuis,

Cic. Att. 16, 3 (cf. Charis. l. c.):

arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—

* Comp.:

arcanius judicare aliquid de aliquā re,

Col. 3, 2 fin.—Sup. not used.

Arcānus, a, um, adj. [Arcae], of or pertaining to Arcœ hence, subst.

Arcāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Arcœ, Inscr. Orell. 4007.—

Arcānum, i, n., a villa of Q. Cicero, in the neighborhood of Arcœ, Cic. Att. 5, 1; id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1 al.

arcānus, a, um, adj. [v. arceo], orig., shut up, closed; hence, trop.,

That keeps a secret, trusty:

dixisti arcano satis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 155:

petiit, ut aliquem ex arcanis mitteret,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 178.— Hence, poet., of the night: omina arcanā nocte petita, in silent night, or night that keeps secrets, Ov. H. 9, 40; Stat. S. 1, 3, 71.—

Hidden, concealed, secret, private (class., although very rare in Cic.):

at quīcum joca, seria, ut dicitur, quīcum arcana, quīcum occulta omnia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 85:

consilia,

Liv. 35, 18; so Hor. C. 3, 21, 15:

secretae et arcanae opes,

Plin. Pan. 34, 3:

fontis arcani aqua,

Tac. A. 2, 54:

libidines,

Suet. Tib. 43 al.:

littera celatos arcana fatebitur ignes,

Ov. M. 9, 516:

sensus,

Verg. A. 4, 422 al. —

Esp., in the lang. of religion, of things sacred and incommunicable: ARCANA VRBIS PRAESIDIA,

Inscr. Orell. 2494: audivit arcana verba, quae non licet homini loqui, Vulg. 2 Cor. 12, 4;

and of secret, mysterious usages: sacra,

Ov. M. 10, 436:

arcana cum fiunt sacra,

Hor. Epod. 5, 52; so Stat. S. 3, 4, 92; Sil. 2, 427; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 402; and by poet. license transf. to the deity presiding over such mysteries:

qui Cereris sacrum Volgavit arcanae,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 27.—Hence, subst.: arcānum, i, n., a secret.

In gen.:

nox arcanis fidissima,

Ov. M. 7, 192:

arcani Fides prodiga,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 16:

si quid umquam arcani sanctive ad silendum in curiā fuerit,

Liv. 23, 22, 9:

arcana regum,

Curt. 4, 6, 5:

revelare arcana,

Vulg. Prov. 11, 13:

denudare arcana amici,

ib. Eccli. 27, 17.—

Spec., a sacred secret, a mystery:

fatorum arcana,

Ov. M. 2, 639; so Verg. A. 7, 123:

Pythagorae arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; cf.:

Jovis arcana,

the secret decrees of, id. C. 1, 28, 9:

deorum arcanum proferre,

Plin. Pan. 23, 5: arcana quaedam, secret rites (of the diviners), Vulg. Exod. 7, 11:

violabunt arcanum meum,

my secret place, sanctuary, Vulg. Ezech. 7, 22 et saep.— Adv.: arcā-nō (cf. Charis. pp. 173 and 179 P.), in secret, privately:

arcano tibi ego hoc dico,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 117:

hunc (librum) lege arcano convivis tuis,

Cic. Att. 16, 3 (cf. Charis. l. c.):

arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—

* Comp.:

arcanius judicare aliquid de aliquā re,

Col. 3, 2 fin.—Sup. not used.

Arcānus, a, um, adj. [Arcae], of or pertaining to Arcœ hence, subst.

Arcāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Arcœ, Inscr. Orell. 4007.—

Arcānum, i, n., a villa of Q. Cicero, in the neighborhood of Arcœ, Cic. Att. 5, 1; id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1 al.

arcānus, a, um, adj. [v. arceo], orig., shut up, closed; hence, trop.,

That keeps a secret, trusty:

dixisti arcano satis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 155:

petiit, ut aliquem ex arcanis mitteret,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 178.— Hence, poet., of the night: omina arcanā nocte petita, in silent night, or night that keeps secrets, Ov. H. 9, 40; Stat. S. 1, 3, 71.—

Hidden, concealed, secret, private (class., although very rare in Cic.):

at quīcum joca, seria, ut dicitur, quīcum arcana, quīcum occulta omnia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 85:

consilia,

Liv. 35, 18; so Hor. C. 3, 21, 15:

secretae et arcanae opes,

Plin. Pan. 34, 3:

fontis arcani aqua,

Tac. A. 2, 54:

libidines,

Suet. Tib. 43 al.:

littera celatos arcana fatebitur ignes,

Ov. M. 9, 516:

sensus,

Verg. A. 4, 422 al. —

Esp., in the lang. of religion, of things sacred and incommunicable: ARCANA VRBIS PRAESIDIA,

Inscr. Orell. 2494: audivit arcana verba, quae non licet homini loqui, Vulg. 2 Cor. 12, 4;

and of secret, mysterious usages: sacra,

Ov. M. 10, 436:

arcana cum fiunt sacra,

Hor. Epod. 5, 52; so Stat. S. 3, 4, 92; Sil. 2, 427; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 402; and by poet. license transf. to the deity presiding over such mysteries:

qui Cereris sacrum Volgavit arcanae,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 27.—Hence, subst.: arcānum, i, n., a secret.

In gen.:

nox arcanis fidissima,

Ov. M. 7, 192:

arcani Fides prodiga,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 16:

si quid umquam arcani sanctive ad silendum in curiā fuerit,

Liv. 23, 22, 9:

arcana regum,

Curt. 4, 6, 5:

revelare arcana,

Vulg. Prov. 11, 13:

denudare arcana amici,

ib. Eccli. 27, 17.—

Spec., a sacred secret, a mystery:

fatorum arcana,

Ov. M. 2, 639; so Verg. A. 7, 123:

Pythagorae arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; cf.:

Jovis arcana,

the secret decrees of, id. C. 1, 28, 9:

deorum arcanum proferre,

Plin. Pan. 23, 5: arcana quaedam, secret rites (of the diviners), Vulg. Exod. 7, 11:

violabunt arcanum meum,

my secret place, sanctuary, Vulg. Ezech. 7, 22 et saep.— Adv.: arcā-nō (cf. Charis. pp. 173 and 179 P.), in secret, privately:

arcano tibi ego hoc dico,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 117:

hunc (librum) lege arcano convivis tuis,

Cic. Att. 16, 3 (cf. Charis. l. c.):

arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—

* Comp.:

arcanius judicare aliquid de aliquā re,

Col. 3, 2 fin.—Sup. not used.

Arcānus, a, um, adj. [Arcae], of or pertaining to Arcœ hence, subst.

Arcāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Arcœ, Inscr. Orell. 4007.—

Arcānum, i, n., a villa of Q. Cicero, in the neighborhood of Arcœ, Cic. Att. 5, 1; id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1 al.

oppōno ( obp-), pŏsŭi (in Plaut pŏsīvi), sĭtum, 3 ( sync.:

oppostus for oppositus,

Lucr. 4, 150), v. a. [ob-pono], to set or place against, to set or station before or opposite, to oppose (class., cf.: obicio, offero, adversor).

Lit.

In gen.:

se venientibus in itinere,

Caes. B. C 3, 30:

huic equites,

id. ib. 3, 75:

turrim ad introitum portūs,

id. ib. 3, 39: armatos homines ad omnes introitus. Cic. Caecin. 8, 27:

Eumenem adversariis,

Nep. Eum. 3, 2: (Hannibali) opposuit natura Alpemque nivemque, Juv 10, 152.— To place or put before, to hold before:

ante oculos opposuit manum, Ov F. 4, 178: oculis manūs,

id. ib. 3, 46:

manum fronti,

id. M. 2, 276:

gallinae se opponant (pullis),

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 130:

foramini oculos,

to keep before the opening, Petr. 96:

eos opponi omnibus contionibus auctores ad perniciem meam,

represented, held up as, Cic. Sest. 19, 42:

licet antestari? ego vero Oppono auriculam,

offer, present, Hor. S. 1, 9, 76:

oppositas habere fores,

i. e. closed, Ov. H. 17, 8. — To apply, as a remedy:

brassicam,

Cato, R. R. 157.—

In partic., to set against as a pledge, to pledge, wager, mortgage:

pono pallium: ille suum anulum opposivit,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 77: potes mutuam drachumam me dare? Ps. Vix hercle opino, etsi me opponam pignori, id. Ps. 1, 1, 84: ager oppositus est, pignori ob decem minas, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56; Vulg. 2 Esdr. 5, 3.—So, with a play upon both meanings:

villula nostra non ad Austri flatus opposita est, verum ad milia quindecim,

mortgaged, Cat. 26, 1 sq. —

To expose, lay bare or open, abandon:

opponere se periculis pro re publicā,

Cic. Balb. 10, 26:

Saguntinis pro nudatā moenibus patriā corpora opponentibus,

Liv. 21, 8:

nudatas radices hiberno frigori,

Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262.—

Trop.

In gen., to set before, bring forward, set before the eyes or mind, to oppose, adduce, allege:

pericula intendantur, formidines opponantur,

Cic. Quint. 14, 47:

ut ante occupet (orator), quod videat opponi,

id. Or. 40, 138; id. Top. 24, 92; 25, 96:

auctoritatem suam,

id. Ac. 2, 20, 64:

his quattuor causis totidem medicinae opponuntur,

id. de Or. 2, 83, 339:

opposuisti semel Ciceronis nostri valetudinem: conticui,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 8 (10), 1:

muri causam,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41.—

In partic.

To speak against, oppose, object, reply, adduce in contradiction:

quid opponas, si negem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 8:

non minorem auctoritatem,

id. Ac. 2, 20, 6:

iis opposuit sese Socrates,

id. Brut. 8, 31:

quid habes quod mihi opponas?

id. Phil. 2, 4, 8 sq.:

ut opponeret Stoicis, summum bonum esse frui iis rebus,

id. Ac. 2, 42, 131.—

To set against, oppose, by way of comparison:

multis secundis proeliis unum adversum, et id mediocre, opponerent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73; Phaedr. Epil. 2:

rationibus labores,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

quotiens quis dixerit, occidit Alexander Persarum multa milia, opponetur et Callisthenem,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 23, 2; id. Ep. 117, 5; 118, 8 sq.; cf.:

felicia tempora, quae te Moribus opponunt!

Juv. 2, 39.—

Jusjurandum alicui, to impose an oath on one, Dig. 37, 14, 6.—Hence. oppŏsĭtus, a, um, P a., placed or standing against or opposite, lying over against, opposed to, opposite (class.):

moles oppositae fluctibus,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14:

luna opposita soli,

id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

oppositam petens contra Zancleia saxa Rhegion,

Ov. M. 14, 47.— Trop.:

Narbo propugnaculum istis ipsis nationibus oppositum,

Cic. Font. 1, 3.—

Subst.: oppŏsĭta, ōrum, n. plur., opposite, i. e. contradictory propositions, opposites (postclass.): opposita (antikeimena Graeci dicunt), Geil. 16, 8, 13.

oppōno ( obp-), pŏsŭi (in Plaut pŏsīvi), sĭtum, 3 ( sync.:

oppostus for oppositus,

Lucr. 4, 150), v. a. [ob-pono], to set or place against, to set or station before or opposite, to oppose (class., cf.: obicio, offero, adversor).

Lit.

In gen.:

se venientibus in itinere,

Caes. B. C 3, 30:

huic equites,

id. ib. 3, 75:

turrim ad introitum portūs,

id. ib. 3, 39: armatos homines ad omnes introitus. Cic. Caecin. 8, 27:

Eumenem adversariis,

Nep. Eum. 3, 2: (Hannibali) opposuit natura Alpemque nivemque, Juv 10, 152.— To place or put before, to hold before:

ante oculos opposuit manum, Ov F. 4, 178: oculis manūs,

id. ib. 3, 46:

manum fronti,

id. M. 2, 276:

gallinae se opponant (pullis),

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 130:

foramini oculos,

to keep before the opening, Petr. 96:

eos opponi omnibus contionibus auctores ad perniciem meam,

represented, held up as, Cic. Sest. 19, 42:

licet antestari? ego vero Oppono auriculam,

offer, present, Hor. S. 1, 9, 76:

oppositas habere fores,

i. e. closed, Ov. H. 17, 8. — To apply, as a remedy:

brassicam,

Cato, R. R. 157.—

In partic., to set against as a pledge, to pledge, wager, mortgage:

pono pallium: ille suum anulum opposivit,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 77: potes mutuam drachumam me dare? Ps. Vix hercle opino, etsi me opponam pignori, id. Ps. 1, 1, 84: ager oppositus est, pignori ob decem minas, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56; Vulg. 2 Esdr. 5, 3.—So, with a play upon both meanings:

villula nostra non ad Austri flatus opposita est, verum ad milia quindecim,

mortgaged, Cat. 26, 1 sq. —

To expose, lay bare or open, abandon:

opponere se periculis pro re publicā,

Cic. Balb. 10, 26:

Saguntinis pro nudatā moenibus patriā corpora opponentibus,

Liv. 21, 8:

nudatas radices hiberno frigori,

Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262.—

Trop.

In gen., to set before, bring forward, set before the eyes or mind, to oppose, adduce, allege:

pericula intendantur, formidines opponantur,

Cic. Quint. 14, 47:

ut ante occupet (orator), quod videat opponi,

id. Or. 40, 138; id. Top. 24, 92; 25, 96:

auctoritatem suam,

id. Ac. 2, 20, 64:

his quattuor causis totidem medicinae opponuntur,

id. de Or. 2, 83, 339:

opposuisti semel Ciceronis nostri valetudinem: conticui,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 8 (10), 1:

muri causam,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41.—

In partic.

To speak against, oppose, object, reply, adduce in contradiction:

quid opponas, si negem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 8:

non minorem auctoritatem,

id. Ac. 2, 20, 6:

iis opposuit sese Socrates,

id. Brut. 8, 31:

quid habes quod mihi opponas?

id. Phil. 2, 4, 8 sq.:

ut opponeret Stoicis, summum bonum esse frui iis rebus,

id. Ac. 2, 42, 131.—

To set against, oppose, by way of comparison:

multis secundis proeliis unum adversum, et id mediocre, opponerent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73; Phaedr. Epil. 2:

rationibus labores,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

quotiens quis dixerit, occidit Alexander Persarum multa milia, opponetur et Callisthenem,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 23, 2; id. Ep. 117, 5; 118, 8 sq.; cf.:

felicia tempora, quae te Moribus opponunt!

Juv. 2, 39.—

Jusjurandum alicui, to impose an oath on one, Dig. 37, 14, 6.—Hence. oppŏsĭtus, a, um, P a., placed or standing against or opposite, lying over against, opposed to, opposite (class.):

moles oppositae fluctibus,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14:

luna opposita soli,

id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

oppositam petens contra Zancleia saxa Rhegion,

Ov. M. 14, 47.— Trop.:

Narbo propugnaculum istis ipsis nationibus oppositum,

Cic. Font. 1, 3.—

Subst.: oppŏsĭta, ōrum, n. plur., opposite, i. e. contradictory propositions, opposites (postclass.): opposita (antikeimena Graeci dicunt), Geil. 16, 8, 13.

oppōno ( obp-), pŏsŭi (in Plaut pŏsīvi), sĭtum, 3 ( sync.:

oppostus for oppositus,

Lucr. 4, 150), v. a. [ob-pono], to set or place against, to set or station before or opposite, to oppose (class., cf.: obicio, offero, adversor).

Lit.

In gen.:

se venientibus in itinere,

Caes. B. C 3, 30:

huic equites,

id. ib. 3, 75:

turrim ad introitum portūs,

id. ib. 3, 39: armatos homines ad omnes introitus. Cic. Caecin. 8, 27:

Eumenem adversariis,

Nep. Eum. 3, 2: (Hannibali) opposuit natura Alpemque nivemque, Juv 10, 152.— To place or put before, to hold before:

ante oculos opposuit manum, Ov F. 4, 178: oculis manūs,

id. ib. 3, 46:

manum fronti,

id. M. 2, 276:

gallinae se opponant (pullis),

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 130:

foramini oculos,

to keep before the opening, Petr. 96:

eos opponi omnibus contionibus auctores ad perniciem meam,

represented, held up as, Cic. Sest. 19, 42:

licet antestari? ego vero Oppono auriculam,

offer, present, Hor. S. 1, 9, 76:

oppositas habere fores,

i. e. closed, Ov. H. 17, 8. — To apply, as a remedy:

brassicam,

Cato, R. R. 157.—

In partic., to set against as a pledge, to pledge, wager, mortgage:

pono pallium: ille suum anulum opposivit,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 77: potes mutuam drachumam me dare? Ps. Vix hercle opino, etsi me opponam pignori, id. Ps. 1, 1, 84: ager oppositus est, pignori ob decem minas, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56; Vulg. 2 Esdr. 5, 3.—So, with a play upon both meanings:

villula nostra non ad Austri flatus opposita est, verum ad milia quindecim,

mortgaged, Cat. 26, 1 sq. —

To expose, lay bare or open, abandon:

opponere se periculis pro re publicā,

Cic. Balb. 10, 26:

Saguntinis pro nudatā moenibus patriā corpora opponentibus,

Liv. 21, 8:

nudatas radices hiberno frigori,

Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262.—

Trop.

In gen., to set before, bring forward, set before the eyes or mind, to oppose, adduce, allege:

pericula intendantur, formidines opponantur,

Cic. Quint. 14, 47:

ut ante occupet (orator), quod videat opponi,

id. Or. 40, 138; id. Top. 24, 92; 25, 96:

auctoritatem suam,

id. Ac. 2, 20, 64:

his quattuor causis totidem medicinae opponuntur,

id. de Or. 2, 83, 339:

opposuisti semel Ciceronis nostri valetudinem: conticui,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 8 (10), 1:

muri causam,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41.—

In partic.

To speak against, oppose, object, reply, adduce in contradiction:

quid opponas, si negem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 8:

non minorem auctoritatem,

id. Ac. 2, 20, 6:

iis opposuit sese Socrates,

id. Brut. 8, 31:

quid habes quod mihi opponas?

id. Phil. 2, 4, 8 sq.:

ut opponeret Stoicis, summum bonum esse frui iis rebus,

id. Ac. 2, 42, 131.—

To set against, oppose, by way of comparison:

multis secundis proeliis unum adversum, et id mediocre, opponerent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73; Phaedr. Epil. 2:

rationibus labores,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

quotiens quis dixerit, occidit Alexander Persarum multa milia, opponetur et Callisthenem,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 23, 2; id. Ep. 117, 5; 118, 8 sq.; cf.:

felicia tempora, quae te Moribus opponunt!

Juv. 2, 39.—

Jusjurandum alicui, to impose an oath on one, Dig. 37, 14, 6.—Hence. oppŏsĭtus, a, um, P a., placed or standing against or opposite, lying over against, opposed to, opposite (class.):

moles oppositae fluctibus,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14:

luna opposita soli,

id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

oppositam petens contra Zancleia saxa Rhegion,

Ov. M. 14, 47.— Trop.:

Narbo propugnaculum istis ipsis nationibus oppositum,

Cic. Font. 1, 3.—

Subst.: oppŏsĭta, ōrum, n. plur., opposite, i. e. contradictory propositions, opposites (postclass.): opposita (antikeimena Graeci dicunt), Geil. 16, 8, 13.

tĕnĕo, tĕnŭi, tentum, 2 ( perf. subj. tetinerim, Pac. ap. Non. 178, 15:

tetinerit,

Att. ib. 178, 12:

tetinisse,

Pac. ib. 178, 11; fut. perf. tetinero, acc. to Fest. p. 252 Müll. Another collat. form of the perf. tenivi, acc. to Charis. p. 220 P.; Diom. pp. 363 and 369 ib.), v. a. and n. [root ten-, tan-; Gr. tanumai, teinô; Sanscr. tanomi, to stretch, spread; this root appears in many derived meanings; cf. Lat.: tendo, tenuis, tener, tenor, tenus].

Act., to hold, keep, have in the hand, in the mouth, etc.

Lit.

In gen.: Eu. Porrige bracchium, prehende: jam tenes? Cha. Teneo. Eu. Tene, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 42; cf.

argentum,

id. Pers. 3, 3, 9:

cum pyxidem teneret in manu,

Cic. Cael. 26, 63;

for which: aliquid manu,

Quint. 10, 7, 31; Ov. M. 11, 560; id. A. A. 1, 320; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 34:

aliquid dextrā,

Ov. F. 1, 99:

digitis,

id. ib. 2, 102; id. M. 9, 86; 9, 522:

lacertis,

id. ib. 2, 100 al.:

radicem ore,

Cic. Div. 2, 68, 141:

cibum ore,

Phaedr. 1, 4, 6;

for which: decoctum diu in ore,

Plin. 25, 13, 105, § 166:

aliquem in sinu,

Ov. H. 3, 114;

for which: aliquem sinu,

id. ib. 13, 157:

flabellulum,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 50:

facem,

Verg. A. 6, 224:

telum,

Liv. 2, 19. — Prov.: manu tenere aliquid, to seize, grasp, or comprehend a thing which is palpable or evident: aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias: leges, quātenus manu tenere possunt;

philosophi, quātenus ratione et intellegentiā,

Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; cf.:

cum res non conjecturā, sed oculis ac manibus teneretur,

id. Clu. 7, 20. —

In partic.

With the accessory idea of possession, to hold, i. e. to be master of, have in one ' s power, possess, etc. (syn.:

possideo, habeo): multa hereditatibus, multa emptionibus, multa dotibus tenebantur sine injuriā,

Cic. Off. 2, 23, 81:

quae tenuit dives Achaemenes,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 21:

Evander qui multis ante tempestatibus tenuerat loca,

Liv. 1, 5:

provinciam a praedonibus liberam,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 32:

colles praesidiis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 43:

Formiarum moenia et Lirim,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 8:

tenente Caesare terras,

id. ib. 3, 14, 15:

rem publicam,

Cic. Mur. 39, 83; id. Sest. 19, 44:

summam imperii,

Caes. B. G. 3, 22:

equitum centurias,

Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3:

alterum cornu,

to command, Nep. Pelop. 4, 3:

provincias aliaque omnia,

Sall. C. 39, 2: scenam, to have sole possession of. [p. 1854] rule over, Suet. Tit. 7. —

Of the possession of the object of affection: te tenet,

Tib. 1, 6, 35; 2, 6, 52; Verg. E. 1, 32; Ov. H. 2, 103 Ruhnk.; 15, 88; id. Am. 3, 7, 3; Phaedr. 2, 2, 4.—In colloq. lang., teneo te, I have you once more, of again seeing the beloved person:

teneone te, Antiphila, maxime animo exoptata meo?

Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 27 Ruhnk.; Sen. Ben. 7, 4; Ov. H. 18, 183; cf.:

et comitem Aenean juxta natumque tenebat Ingrediens,

Verg. A. 8, 308.—Also like our I have you (fast, bound, etc.):

teneo te, inquam, nam ista Academiae est propria sententia,

Cic. Ac. 2, 48, 148; id. Quint. 20, 63.— Absol.: qui tenent (sc. rem publicam), who are in possession of the State, of public affairs:

qui tenent, qui potiuntur,

Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; 2, 18, 1. —

With the accessory idea of firmness, persistence, to hold fast, occupy; to watch, guard, defend; to maintain, retain a thing:

legio locum non tenuit atque in proximum collem se recepit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 44:

montes teneri,

id. B. G. 3, 2:

haec noctu firmis praesidiis tenebantur,

id. ib. 7, 69:

Capitolia celsa tenebat,

Verg. A. 8, 653:

quo teneam Protea nodo?

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 90:

te neque intra Claustra tenebo,

id. C. 3, 11, 44; cf.:

in manicis et Compedibus saevo te sub custode tenebo,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 77: laqueis (se) sensit teneri... fugam frustra tentabat;

at illam Lenta tenet radix exsultantemque coërcet,

Ov. M. 11, 74 sq.; 1, 535:

Athenae tuae sempiternam in arce oleam tenere potuerunt,

Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 2:

agri qui diu aquam tenent,

Pall. Apr. 2, 4:

classem ibi tenebat,

Liv. 31, 46, 8: secundissimo vento cursum tenere, to hold or keep one ' s course, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; cf.:

vento intermisso cursum non tenuit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 4, 28; so,

cursum,

Cic. Planc. 21, 52; id. Rep. 1, 2, 3 fin.; Quint. 4, 3, 13:

quo iter,

Verg. A. 1, 370; Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 10:

(lunam) fingunt cursus viam sub sole tenere,

Lucr. 5, 714:

tenuit tamen vestigia Bucar,

Liv. 29, 32, 6.—

With the accessory idea of reaching the object aimed at, to reach, attain a place:

montes effuso cursu Sabini petebant et pauci tenuere,

Liv. 1, 37, 4:

regionem,

id. 30, 25, 11:

Tenum,

id. 36, 21, 1:

terram,

id. 37, 16, 4; 37, 11, 5; 37, 13, 4;

26, 29, 4: Hesperiam,

Ov. F. 1, 498:

portus,

id. H. 18, 198; Tac. Agr. 38 fin.:

cum quibus (navibus) Cythnum insulam tenuit,

id. H. 2, 9.—

With the accessory idea of movement impeded, to hold fast, hold back, hinder, restrain, detain, check, control, stay, etc.:

naves, quae vento tenebantur,

Caes. B. G. 4, 22:

quid hic agatur, scire poteris ex eo, qui litteras attulit, quem diutius tenui, quia, etc.,

Cic. Att. 11, 3, 1:

si id te non tenet, advola,

id. Fam. 16, 19:

septimum jam diem Corcyrae tenebamur,

id. ib. 16, 7 init.:

Marcellum ab gerundis rebus valetudo adversa Nolae tenuit,

Liv. 24, 20, 7:

non tenebo te pluribus,

Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; cf. absol.:

ne diutius teneam,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 13, § 34: solutum (corpus) tenere, Cels. praef. med.; cf.

ventrem,

id. 4, 19 med.:

tene linguam,

Ov. F. 2, 602:

pecus omne tenendum,

Verg. G. 2, 371:

vix a te videor posse tenere manus,

Ov. Am. 1, 4, 10; so,

manus,

id. M. 13, 203; cf.:

manum stomachumque teneto,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 44:

saeva tene cum Berecyntio Cornu tympana,

id. C. 1, 18, 13:

et Phoebi tenuere viam,

i. e. impeded, closed up, Luc. 5, 136:

quo me decet usque teneri?

Verg. A. 5, 384:

lacrimas,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39; so,

lacrimas in morte miserā non tenebamus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

dictator exercitum in stativis tenebat,

Liv. 6, 14, 1. —

Esp.: se tenere, to keep back, remain, stay:

Sabinus castris sese tenebat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 17; 1, 40; Liv. 2, 45, 2:

nullā clade acceptā castris se pavidus tenebat,

id. 3, 26, 3:

Hasdrubal procul ab hoste intervallo tenebat se,

id. 23, 26, 2:

se domi a conventu remotum tenere,

Nep. Dion, 9, 1:

ego tamen teneo ab accusando vix me hercule: sed tamen teneo,

restrain myself, refrain, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

nec se tenuit, quin, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 4, 12; cf.

mid.: teneri non potui, quin tibi apertius illud idem his litteris declararem,

id. Att. 15, 14, 2; Just. 6, 7, 10; cf.:

se intra silentium tenuit,

Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 8:

multum me intra silentium tenui,

id. ib. 7, 6, 6.—

Trop.

In gen., to hold, contain in the mind, to conceive, comprehend, know (syn.:

percipio, intellego): nunc ego teneo, nunc scio, Quid sit hoc negotii,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 39: tenes Quorsum haec tendant quae loquor, id. Ps. 1, 2, 81:

tenes, quid dicam?

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 22:

teneo,

I understand, id. And. 1, 1, 59:

teneo quid erret,

id. 3, 2, 18; Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37; cf.: quibus capiatur Caesar, tenes, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 5:

quae a Romanis auguribus ignorantur, a Cilicibus... Lyciis tenentur,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 25:

quoniam ea, quae tenebatis ipsi, etiam ex me audire voluistis,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 70:

alicujus reconditos sensus,

id. Sest. 10, 22:

quo pacto cuncta tenerem,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 8:

et teneo melius ista,

Mart. 4, 37, 7.—With inf.:

nullus frugi esse homo potest, nisi qui et bene facere et male tenet,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 10; Lucr. 3, 647.—

In partic.

To have possession of, have the mastery of, to control any thing:

cum rem publicam opes paucorum non virtutes tenere coeperunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51.—

To hold fast, guard, preserve, uphold, keep, insist (syn. servo):

sin consuetudinem meam, quam in re publicā semper habui, tenuero,

Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 27:

ordinem,

id. ib. 5, 13, 35:

portum,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

statum,

id. Rep. 1, 28, 44:

non tenebat ornatum suum civitas,

id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

si jus suum populi teneant,

id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

nec diutius umquam tenetur idem rei publicae modus,

id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

est boni viri, haec duo tenere in amicitiā, etc.,

id. Lael. 18, 65:

morem,

id. Off. 3, 10, 44; so id. Fl. 7, 15; Verg. A. 3, 408:

foedus,

Cic. Balb. 15, 34:

tenebat non modo auctoritatem, sed etiam imperium in suos,

id. Sen. 11, 37:

silentium,

Liv. 1, 28, 8.—

To hold fast, maintain, support, defend, uphold, insist:

illud arcte tenent accurateque defendunt, voluptatem esse summum bonum,

hold fast, maintain, Cic. Par. 1, 3, 14; cf.:

illud, quod multos annos tenuisset,

id. Ac. 2, 22, 71; and:

quod idem Peripatetici non tenent,

id. Fin. 3, 13, 44:

propositum tenere,

to maintain, Caes. B. C. 3, 42, 1:

suas leges,

Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 13:

causam apud centumviros,

id. Caecin. 24, 67:

quo causae teste tenentur,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 43:

locum quendam cum aliquo,

Cic. Brut. 21, 81.— With ne:

plebs tenuit, ne consules in proximum annum crearentur,

Liv. 4, 30, 16:

ne quid ferretur ad populum, patres tenuere,

id. 3, 29, 8; 24, 19, 7. — With ut:

tenuere patres, ut Fabius consul crearetur,

Liv. 2, 42, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

scripseram tenuisse Varenum ut sibi evocare testes liceret,

Plin. Ep. 6, 5, 1.—

Of memory:

alicujus memoriam cum summā benevolentiā tenere,

to recollect, preserve a recollection of, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1.—Esp.:

memoriā tenere: memoriā tenetis, compluris in Capitolio res de caelo esse percussas,

you remember, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; id. Fam. 1, 9, 12; Caes. B. G. 1, 14; cf.:

memoriā teneo, C. Sulpicium Gallum, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 21; v. memoria; so without memoria, to bear in mind, remember, recollect:

satin' haec meministi et tenes?

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:

numeros memini, si verba tenerem,

Verg. E. 9, 45:

dicta tenere,

Hor. A. P. 336; id. S. 2, 4, 8:

quem (Cyrum) omnia militum tenuisse creditum est nomina,

Quint. 11, 2, 50; 11, 2, 45.—

To reach an object striven after, to gain, acquire, obtain, attain (syn. assequor):

per cursum rectum regnum tenere,

Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44:

Servium Tullium post hunc captivā natum, ingenio virtute regnum tenuisse,

Liv. 4, 3, 12:

teneri res aliter non potest,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3:

multa tenuisse,

Liv. 42, 11, 8:

causam,

Ov. M. 13, 190.—

To hold, hold back, repress, restrain, bind, fetter, etc. (syn.:

refreno, retineo): iracundiam teneat, avaritiam coërceat,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

dolorem,

id. Att. 12, 38, 2:

cupiditates,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

somnum,

id. Brut. 80, 278:

risum,

id. Vatin. 8, 20; Hor. A. P. 5:

iram,

Curt. 4, 2, 5:

ea, quae occurrant, tenere,

to hold back, keep to themselves, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221.—

Of laws, etc., to bind, hold, obligate, be binding on, control, etc.:

quamquam leges eum non tenent,

Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11; cf.:

interdicto non teneri,

id. Caecin. 14, 41:

voto quodam et promisso teneri,

id. Att. 12, 18, 1:

ut plebi scita omnes Quirites tenerent,

Liv. 8, 12, 14; cf.:

olim patricii dicebant se plebi scitis non teneri,

Gai. Inst. 1, 3:

cum velut in controverso jure esset, tenerenturne patres plebi scitis, legem tulere, ut quod tributim plebis jussisset, populum teneret,

Liv. 3, 55, 3:

teneri alienis foederibus,

id. 24, 29, 11: poenā teneri, to be subject or liable to, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5:

testibus in re perspicuā teneri,

to be convicted, id. Caecin. 2, 4; cf.: nemo ita in manifesto peccatu tenebatur, ut, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 191:

caedis teneri,

Quint. 5, 14, 11:

teneri repetundarum,

Tac. A. 11, 7 fin.:

furti,

Dig. 6, 1, 4:

injuriarum,

ib. 47, 10, 11:

mandati,

ib. 17, 1, 10.— Transf.:

nisi illi ipsi, qui eas (libidines) frangere deberent, cupiditatis ejusdem tenerentur,

Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31 Mos. and Orell. N. cr. —

Of dispositions, desires, etc., to possess, occupy, control:

quae te tanta pravitas mentis tenuerit, ut, etc.,

has had possession of you, Cic. Vatin. 6, 14:

summum me eorum (librorum) studium tenet,

id. Att. 1, 11, 3:

magna me spes tenet,

id. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

de triumpho nulla me cupiditas umquam tenuit,

id. Att. 7, 2, 6:

si consilio pulso libidines iracundiaeve tenerent omnia,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

nisi forte quem inhonesta et perniciosa libido tenet,

Sall. J. 3, 4: neque irā neque gratiā teneri, to be controlled or influenced, Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45; so,

teneri desiderio,

id. Sen. 10, 33:

studio philosophiae,

id. Ac. 1, 2, 4:

magno amore,

Verg. A. 1, 675:

pompā, ludis atque ejusmodi spectaculis teneri,

to be enchained, fascinated, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48; cf.:

ut oculi picturā teneantur, aures cantibus,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 20:

is qui audit, ab oratore jam obsessus est ac tenetur,

id. Or. 62, 210.—With ne, Ov. M. 7, 146. —

To take in, comprise, comprehend, include:

haec magnos formula reges, Excepto sapiente, tenet,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 46.—More freq. pass.: teneri aliquā re, to be contained, comprised, grounded, to consist in a thing:

ut homines deorum agnatione et gente teneantur,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 23:

id quod (genus officiorum) teneatur hominum societate,

id. Off. 1, 45, 160:

quae (causae) familiaritate et consuetudine tenentur,

id. Fam. 13, 29, 1:

dixi jam antea, ipsam rationem arandi spe magis et jucunditate quadam quam fructu atque emolumento teneri,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227.

Neutr. (freq. after the Aug. per.; perh. not in Cic.).

Lit.

To hold a position anywhere, maintain one ' s self:

quā abscisae rupes erant, statio paucorum armatorum tenebat,

Liv. 32, 5, 12:

duo extra ordinem milia tenuere,

id. 3, 62, 7:

tenent Danai, quā deficit ignis,

Verg. A. 2, 505.—

For cursum tenere, to hold or take one ' s way, to sail, steer in any direction:

Aeneam... ab Siciliā classe ad Laurentem agrum tenuisse,

Liv. 1, 1, 4:

Cassandream petentes, primo ad Mendin tenuere,

Liv. 31, 45, 14:

ad Mendaeum,

id. 21, 49, 2:

Diam,

Ov. M. 3, 690:

Creten,

id. ib. 13, 706:

Hesperiam,

id. F. 1, 498:

Ausoniam,

id. ib. 4, 290 al.:

medio tutissimus ibis... Inter utrumque tene,

Ov. M. 2, 140.—

Trop., with the accessory idea of continuance (cf. I. A. 2. b. and B. 2. b. supra), to hold out, hold on, last, endure, continue, maintain itself, prevail, etc. (cf. obtineo):

imber per noctem totam tenuit,

Liv. 23, 44, 6; cf.:

incendium per duas noctes ac diem unum tenuit,

id. 24, 47, 15:

per aliquot dies ea consultatio tenuit,

id. 2, 3, 5; 3, 47, 6:

tenet fama, lupam, etc.,

id. 1, 4, 6:

quod nunc quoque tenet nomen,

id. 1, 17, 6:

fama tenuit, haud plus fuisse modio,

id. 23, 12, 2; 21, 46, 10:

tenuit consuetudo, quae cottidie magis invalescit, ut, etc.,

Quint. 2, 1, 1 Spald.; so,

consuetudo, ut, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 2:

nomen illud tenet,

id. 9, 4, 47 Spald.; cf. Ov. M. 1, 712.